1. Correlation-based matching
- Superimpose images – compare pixels
2. Minutiae-based matching
- Classical Technique – Most popular
- Compare extracted minutiae
3. Ridge Feature-based matching
- Compare the structures of the ridges
- Everything else
Minutiae-based techniques locates minutiae points and then map their relative placement on the finger. However, this approach also has some drawbacks according to Salil Prabhakar et al. One being the fact that it is hard to extract the minutiae points accurately in case we have low quality fingerprint image. Also this approach does not take into account the global pattern of ridges and furrows (Salil Prabhakar et al). Although the correlation-based method is able to overcome some of the difficulties of the minutiae-based approach, it is still not an option since it requires an exact location of a registration point and are affected by image translation and rotation. Lastly, ridge-feature-based matching is superior to the other two and is based on such feature as orientation map, ridge lines and ridge geometry.
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